In 1973, the Rock County Developmental Disabilities Board was established to comply with the requirements of Chapter 51 of the Wisconsin State Statutes. Chapter 51.437 assigned responsibility for services to individuals with developmental disabilities to a county operated agency. The Rock County Board of Supervisors designated the Developmental Disabilities Board to coordinate both financial and programmatic services for developmentally disabled citizens in Rock County. Coordination of services to developmentally disabled individuals was designated to counties based upon the belief that people with disabilities should have the opportunity to remain within their own home counties and the services they receive would be more appropriate if determined at the County level.

The Rock County Developmental Disabilities Board provides services to Rock County residents who are developmentally disabled or who may have sustained a traumatic brain injury.  Services are available to eligible individuals from birth to death.  Eligible individuals may include those who are mentally retarded, have epilepsy, cerebral palsy, have sustained a traumatic brain injury, or conditions requiring similar treatment.